Dosage regimen
The drug is administered intravenously only after diluting the concentrate 10 times.
10 ml of potassium chloride concentrate 40 mg/ml is diluted with water for injection 10 times (up to 100 ml) to obtain an isotonic solution (the concentration of potassium chloride will be 4 mg/ml or 0,4%) and administered intravenously (at a rate of 20-30 drops per minute). At the same time, no more than 100 ml of the prepared solution is administered per infusion. If necessary, the infusion can be repeated, but the total daily dose should not exceed 300-500 ml of the prepared solution with a concentration of potassium chloride of 4 mg/ml (0,4%).
For intravenous drip, you can prepare a solution based on up to 2,5 g of potassium chloride in 500 ml of an isotonic 0,9% sodium chloride solution or 5% dextrose (glucose) solution.
For the prevention and treatment of ectopic arrhythmias in myocardial infarction, a polarizing mixture is used: a solution of potassium chloride 2-2,5 g in 500 ml of 5-10% dextrose (glucose), to which short-acting insulin is added at the rate of 1 unit per 3-4 g dry dextrose (glucose).
The dose for the treatment of potassium deficiency should be selected in accordance with the actual concentration of electrolytes in the blood plasma and indicators of the acid-base state.
1 mmol of potassium (K +) corresponds to 75 mg of potassium chloride (KCI).
- Adults and elderly patients
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The amount of potassium needed to correct moderate potassium deficiency and with maintenance therapy can be calculated by the following formula: the required amount of mmol K + = (MT * [kg] × 0,2) ** × 2 × (target concentration of K + in blood plasma *** - actual concentration of K + in blood plasma [mmol / l]), where * MT = body weight; ** value represents extracellular fluid volume; *** the target concentration of K + in blood plasma should be equal to 4,5 mmol of potassium / l. Maximum daily dose (for example, in case of severe symptomatic hypokalemia or significant losses): up to 2-3 mmol potassium / kg body weight. Maximum rate of administration: up to 20 mmol potassium / hour in adults (corresponding to 0,3 mmol potassium / kg body weight / hour). If the concentration of potassium in the blood plasma is less than 2 mmol potassium / l, the infusion rate can reach 40 mmol potassium/hour
- Patients with diabetes
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A change in the acid-base state affects the concentration of potassium in the blood plasma. The need for potassium increases with the compensation of ketoacidosis in patients with diabetes mellitus, as well as with the introduction of short-acting dextrose/insulin